The concrete mixer manufacturer said that the consequences of insufficient concrete strength are the reduction of concrete impermeability, durability, cracks and deformation of components, and the decline of bearing capacity. In serious cases, it will affect the normal use of buildings and even cause accidents. In view of the harm caused by insufficient concrete strength, it is very necessary to clarify the causes of insufficient concrete strength and what measures should be taken to control it. There are two common reasons for insufficient concrete strength:

水泥质量不好是造成混凝土强度不足的关键因素。

The poor quality of cement is the key factor causing the insufficient strength of concrete.

石子质量不好包括石子强度低、体积稳定性差、石子形状与表面转态。在混凝土试块试压时，有时会发现石子被压碎了，这说明石子强度低于混凝土的强度，导致混凝土实际强度下降。有些由于多孔燧石、页岩、带有膨胀粘土的石灰岩等制成的碎石子，在干湿交替或冻融循环作用下，常表现为体积稳定性差，而导致混凝土强度降低。针片状石子含量高影响混凝土强度。石子表面光滑则无法与水泥砂浆结合好，也会影响混凝土强度。

Poor stone quality includes low stone strength, poor volume stability, stone shape and surface transformation. During the pressure test of concrete test block, it is sometimes found that the stone is crushed, which indicates that the strength of the stone is lower than that of the concrete, resulting in the decrease of the actual strength of the concrete. Some crushed stones made of porous chert, shale and limestone with expansive clay often show poor volume stability under the action of dry wet alternation or freeze-thaw cycle, resulting in the reduction of concrete strength. The high content of needle flake stones affects the strength of concrete. If the stone surface is smooth, it cannot be well combined with cement mortar, which will also affect the strength of concrete.

砂子配制混凝土用砂子的粗细程度按细度模数分为粗、中、细3个等级，配制混凝土宜优先选用中砂。砂子质量的好坏可用细度模数、含泥量、泥块含量等几项指标来评定。其中含泥量、泥块含量对混凝土强度影响。这是因为泥块遇水会呈现浆状，胶结在一颗或数颗砂子表面，在混凝土中与水泥起着隔离作用，从而影响了水泥与石子的粘结力。

The thickness of sand for concrete preparation is divided into three grades: coarse, medium and fine according to the fineness modulus. Medium sand should be preferred for concrete preparation. The quality of sand can be evaluated by fineness modulus, mud content, mud block content and other indicators. Among them, the mud content and mud block content have an impact on the concrete strength. This is because the mud block will appear slurry when encountering water, which is cemented on the surface of one or several sands and plays an isolation role with cement in the concrete, thus affecting the adhesion between cement and stone.

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